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References from Viral Metagenomic Sequencing Reveals Viral Codetection Patterns in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Respiratory viral coinfections: Interactions, mechanisms and clinical implications
10.1038/s41579-025-01225-3 · 2025 · External reference
Pathogen-pathogen interactions during co-infections
10.1093/ismejo/wraf104 · 2025 · External reference
Molecular mechanisms of co-infections
10.1038/s44319-025-00517-2 · 2025 · External reference
10.3390/pathogens13040316
10.3390/pathogens13040316 · External reference
Double trouble: How co- and superinfections shape viral dynamics and host responses
10.1128/jvi.02055-25 · 2026 · External reference
10.1371/journal.ppat.1012556
10.1371/journal.ppat.1012556 · External reference
10.3390/v17091263
10.3390/v17091263 · External reference
ADLM Guidance Document on Laboratory Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses
10.1093/jalm/jfae010 · 2024 · External reference
Mixed viral infections: Detection and management
10.1128/cmr.7.2.143 · 1994 · External reference
Clinical Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen Detection
10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012751 · 2019 · External reference
Rethinking Paediatric Respiratory Infections: The Role of Mixed Pathogen Infections
10.1002/rmv.70021 · 2025 · External reference
Clinical utility of PCR for common viruses in acute respiratory illness
10.1542/peds.2013-3042 · 2014 · External reference
Respiratory Viral Detection in Children and Adults: Comparing Asymptomatic Controls and Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia
10.1093/infdis/jiv323 · 2016 · External reference
Systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children
10.1111/resp.12741 · 2016 · External reference
10.20944/preprints202509.0238.v1
10.20944/preprints202509.0238.v1 · External reference
The human virome: Assembly, composition and host interactions
10.1038/s41579-021-00536-5 · 2021 · External reference
Metagenome sequence data mining for viral interaction studies: Review on progress and prospects
10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199450 · 2024 · External reference
10.1186/s12879-024-09010-y
10.1186/s12879-024-09010-y · External reference
Agnostic Sequencing for Detection of Viral Pathogens
10.1128/cmr.00119-22 · 2023 · External reference
Clinical evaluation of multiplex real-time PCR panels for rapid detection of respiratory viral infections
10.1002/jmv.22186 · 2012 · External reference
Standardized Phylogenetic Classification of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus below the Subgroup Level
10.3201/eid3008.240209 · 2024 · External reference
10.3390/biology12101279
10.3390/biology12101279 · External reference
Metatranscriptomics reveals urbanization-driven divergence in rodent viromes and zoonotic risks in Chinese megacities
10.1038/s42003-026-10711-0 · 2026 · External reference
Respiratory syncytial virus genotypes NA1, ON1, and BA9 are prevalent in Thailand, 2012–2015
10.7717/peerj.3970 · 2017 · External reference
Toward unified molecular surveillance of RSV: A proposal for genotype definition
10.1111/irv.12715 · 2020 · External reference
Robust and sensitive amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing assay of respiratory syncytial virus subtype A and B
10.1128/spectrum.03067-23 · 2024 · External reference
RNA-sequencing-based detection of human viral pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from children with meningitis and encephalitis
2023 · External reference
Metagenomic analysis of viromes in tissues of wild Qinghai vole from the eastern Tibetan Plateau
10.1038/s41598-022-22134-y · 2022 · External reference
Nasal microbiome and phageome profiles are associated with prospective respiratory viral infection risk in school-age children
10.1016/j.jaci.2026.01.017 · 2026 · External reference
Respiratory eukaryotic virome expansion and bacteriophage deficiency characterize childhood asthma
10.1038/s41598-023-34730-7 · 2023 · External reference
The Human Respiratory Virome in Health and Disease: Interactions, Dysbiosis, and Methodological Challenges
10.1002/ggn2.202500022 · 2025 · External reference
Target-independent high-throughput sequencing methods provide evidence that already known human viral pathogens play a main role in respiratory infections with unexplained etiology
10.1080/22221751.2019.1640587 · 2019 · External reference
Metagenomic analysis of viral genetic diversity in respiratory samples from children with severe acute respiratory infection in China
10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.006 · 2016 · External reference
Effectiveness and impact of universal prophylaxis with nirsevimab in infants against hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus in Galicia, Spain: Initial results of a population-based longitudinal study
10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00215-9 · 2024 · External reference
Effectiveness and impact of nirsevimab in Chile during the first season of a national immunisation strategy against RSV (NIRSE-CL): A retrospective observational study
10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00233-6 · 2025 · External reference
Prevalence of co-infection between respiratory syncytial virus and influenza in children
10.1016/j.ajem.2016.12.001 · 2017 · External reference
10.3390/microorganisms11051243
10.3390/microorganisms11051243 · External reference
Novel Human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infection
10.3201/eid1602.090553 · 2010 · External reference
Comparison of differing cytopathic effects in human airway epithelium of parainfluenza virus 5 (W3A), parainfluenza virus type 3, and respiratory syncytial virus
10.1016/j.virol.2011.08.020 · 2011 · External reference
Prevalence of human KI and WU polyomaviruses in children with acute respiratory tract infection in China
10.1128/jcm.01301-08 · 2008 · External reference
Genomic characterization of WU polyomavirus identified from pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in Beijing, China
2010 · External reference
Redondoviridae, a Family of Small, Circular DNA Viruses of the Human Oro-Respiratory Tract Associated with Periodontitis and Critical Illness
10.1016/j.chom.2019.04.001 · 2019 · External reference
Redondovirus Diversity and Evolution on Global, Individual, and Molecular Scales
10.1128/jvi.00817-21 · 2021 · External reference
Gemykibivirus Genome in Lower Respiratory Tract of Elderly Woman with Unexplained Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
10.1093/cid/ciz072 · 2019 · External reference
Identification and genetic characterization of a novel circular single-stranded DNA virus in a human upper respiratory tract sample
10.1007/s00705-017-3481-3 · 2017 · External reference
Unveiling pathogens and contaminants: Refining metagenomics for clinical diagnostics
10.3389/fmicb.2026.1786985 · 2026 · External reference
Microbial and Immune Regulation of the Gut-Lung Axis during Viral-Bacterial Coinfection
10.1128/jb.00295-22 · 2023 · External reference
Attenuation of Influenza A Virus Disease Severity by Viral Coinfection in a Mouse Model
10.1128/jvi.00881-18 · 2018 · External reference
Interference between rhinovirus and influenza A virus: A clinical data analysis and experimental infection study
10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30114-2 · 2020 · External reference
The Human Respiratory Virome in Health and Disease: Interactions, Dysbiosis, and Methodological Challenges
10.1002/ggn2.202500022 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Clinical evaluation of multiplex real-time PCR panels for rapid detection of respiratory viral infections
10.1002/jmv.22186 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Rethinking Paediatric Respiratory Infections: The Role of Mixed Pathogen Infections
10.1002/rmv.70021 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Identification and genetic characterization of a novel circular single-stranded DNA virus in a human upper respiratory tract sample
10.1007/s00705-017-3481-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prevalence of co-infection between respiratory syncytial virus and influenza in children
10.1016/j.ajem.2016.12.001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Redondoviridae, a Family of Small, Circular DNA Viruses of the Human Oro-Respiratory Tract Associated with Periodontitis and Critical Illness
10.1016/j.chom.2019.04.001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Metagenomic analysis of viral genetic diversity in respiratory samples from children with severe acute respiratory infection in China
10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Nasal microbiome and phageome profiles are associated with prospective respiratory viral infection risk in school-age children
10.1016/j.jaci.2026.01.017 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Comparison of differing cytopathic effects in human airway epithelium of parainfluenza virus 5 (W3A), parainfluenza virus type 3, and respiratory syncytial virus
10.1016/j.virol.2011.08.020 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Metagenome sequence data mining for viral interaction studies: Review on progress and prospects
10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199450 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effectiveness and impact of universal prophylaxis with nirsevimab in infants against hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus in Galicia, Spain: Initial results of a population-based longitudinal study
10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00215-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effectiveness and impact of nirsevimab in Chile during the first season of a national immunisation strategy against RSV (NIRSE-CL): A retrospective observational study
10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00233-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Interference between rhinovirus and influenza A virus: A clinical data analysis and experimental infection study
10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30114-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The human virome: Assembly, composition and host interactions
10.1038/s41579-021-00536-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Respiratory viral coinfections: Interactions, mechanisms and clinical implications
10.1038/s41579-025-01225-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Metagenomic analysis of viromes in tissues of wild Qinghai vole from the eastern Tibetan Plateau
10.1038/s41598-022-22134-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Respiratory eukaryotic virome expansion and bacteriophage deficiency characterize childhood asthma
10.1038/s41598-023-34730-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Metatranscriptomics reveals urbanization-driven divergence in rodent viromes and zoonotic risks in Chinese megacities
10.1038/s42003-026-10711-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Molecular mechanisms of co-infections
10.1038/s44319-025-00517-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Target-independent high-throughput sequencing methods provide evidence that already known human viral pathogens play a main role in respiratory infections with unexplained etiology
10.1080/22221751.2019.1640587 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Gemykibivirus Genome in Lower Respiratory Tract of Elderly Woman with Unexplained Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
10.1093/cid/ciz072 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Respiratory Viral Detection in Children and Adults: Comparing Asymptomatic Controls and Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia
10.1093/infdis/jiv323 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pathogen-pathogen interactions during co-infections
10.1093/ismejo/wraf104 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
ADLM Guidance Document on Laboratory Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses
10.1093/jalm/jfae010 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Toward unified molecular surveillance of RSV: A proposal for genotype definition
10.1111/irv.12715 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children
10.1111/resp.12741 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Agnostic Sequencing for Detection of Viral Pathogens
10.1128/cmr.00119-22 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mixed viral infections: Detection and management
10.1128/cmr.7.2.143 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Microbial and Immune Regulation of the Gut-Lung Axis during Viral-Bacterial Coinfection
10.1128/jb.00295-22 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prevalence of human KI and WU polyomaviruses in children with acute respiratory tract infection in China
10.1128/jcm.01301-08 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Redondovirus Diversity and Evolution on Global, Individual, and Molecular Scales
10.1128/jvi.00817-21 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Attenuation of Influenza A Virus Disease Severity by Viral Coinfection in a Mouse Model
10.1128/jvi.00881-18 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Double trouble: How co- and superinfections shape viral dynamics and host responses
10.1128/jvi.02055-25 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Robust and sensitive amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing assay of respiratory syncytial virus subtype A and B
10.1128/spectrum.03067-23 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Clinical Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen Detection
10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012751 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1186/s12879-024-09010-y
10.1186/s12879-024-09010-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1371/journal.ppat.1012556
10.1371/journal.ppat.1012556 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Clinical utility of PCR for common viruses in acute respiratory illness
10.1542/peds.2013-3042 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.20944/preprints202509.0238.v1
10.20944/preprints202509.0238.v1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Novel Human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infection
10.3201/eid1602.090553 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Standardized Phylogenetic Classification of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus below the Subgroup Level
10.3201/eid3008.240209 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Unveiling pathogens and contaminants: Refining metagenomics for clinical diagnostics
10.3389/fmicb.2026.1786985 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/biology12101279
10.3390/biology12101279 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/microorganisms11051243
10.3390/microorganisms11051243 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/pathogens13040316
10.3390/pathogens13040316 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/v17091263
10.3390/v17091263 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Respiratory syncytial virus genotypes NA1, ON1, and BA9 are prevalent in Thailand, 2012–2015
10.7717/peerj.3970 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
