References

Patient, family member, and ambulance staff experiences of prehospital acute pain management in adults: A systematic review and meta-synthesis

10.1002/emp2.12940 · 2023 · External reference

Ketamine for the treatment of prehospital acute pain: A systematic review of benefit and harm

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038134 · 2020 · External reference

Prevalence and factors associated with acute pain among emergency trauma patients

10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2026.001 · 2026 · External reference

Assessment of adequacy and appropriateness of pain management practice among trauma patients at the Ethiopian Aabet Hospital: A prospective observational study

10.1186/s12873-023-00869-9 · 2023 · External reference

Intravenous acetaminophen versus ketorolac for prehospital analgesia: A retrospective data review

10.1016/j.jemermed.2024.04.007 · 2024 · External reference

Undertreatment of acute pain (oligoanalgesia) and medical practice variation in prehospital analgesia of adult trauma patients: A 10-year retrospective study

10.1093/bja/aes355 · 2013 · External reference

Ketamine compared with morphine for out-of-hospital analgesia for patients with traumatic pain: A randomized clinical trial

10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52844 · 2024 · External reference

Effectiveness and safety of prehospital analgesia with nalbuphine and paracetamol versus morphine by paramedics: An observational study

10.1186/s13049-024-01215-z · 2024 · External reference

Opioids for treatment of pre-hospital acute pain: A systematic review

10.1007/s40122-021-00346-w · 2022 · External reference

Fentanyl versus nebulized ketamine for prehospital analgesia: A retrospective data review

10.1016/j.ajem.2024.12.033 · 2025 · External reference

Prehospital pain management

10.1080/312703002260 · 2003 · External reference

Out-of-hospital intranasal ketamine as an adjunct to fentanyl for the treatment of acute traumatic pain: A randomized clinical trial

10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.04.018 · 2024 · External reference

Prehospital pain management: The paramedics’ perspective

10.1016/s0965-2302(02)00219-9 · 2003 · External reference

Paramedic attitudes regarding prehospital analgesia

10.3109/10903127.2012.717167 · 2013 · External reference

Maintenance of prehospital anaesthesia in trauma patients: Inconsistencies and variability in practice

10.1016/j.bjao.2024.100366 · 2025 · External reference

START-A (Simple Triage, Rapid Treatment and Analgesia) in mass casualty incidents

10.1177/10806032231222474 · 2024 · External reference

An evidence-based guideline for prehospital analgesia in trauma

10.3109/10903127.2013.844873 · 2014 · External reference