Digital Transformation of Supply Chains and Corporate Green Resilience: Evidence From China's Supply Chain Innovation and Application Pilot Cities

ABSTRACT Amid growing environmental pressures and sustainability challenges, understanding how institutional reforms enhance firms' ability to cope with green‐related disruptions is of substantial importance. Exploiting China's Supply Chain Innovation and Application Pilot Cities as a quasi‐natural experiment, this study investigates the impact of supply chain digitalization (SCD) policy on corporate green resilience using a difference‐in‐differences (DID) approach based on A‐share listed firms from 2010 to 2023. We find that the SCD policy significantly improves corporate green resilience, and the results remain robust after a series of robustness checks, including propensity score matching, COVID‐19 exclusion, additional controls, and accounting for other policies. Mechanism analysis shows that green innovation, in terms of both quantity and quality, is the primary channel driving this effect, whereas credit availability and supply chain concentration do not play significant mediating roles. Further analyses reveal stronger effects among firms with higher executive green perception and human capital level, as well as those located in first‐ and third‐tier cities, technology‐ and capital‐intensive industries, pollution‐intensive sectors, and growth stages. These findings deepen our understanding of how SCD‐oriented institutional reforms reshape firms' green resilience and provide important insights for designing targeted policies to foster sustainable and resilient corporate transformation.