Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objectives
To delineate the craniofacial morphometric characteristics of Thai children with syndromic (SC) and non‐syndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) and to assess dental maturation relative to Chronological Age (CA).
Methods
This comparative cross‐sectional study evaluated 19 patients (SC:
n
= 13; NSC:
n
= 6; mean age 9.32 ± 2.67 years). Seventeen skeletal and dental cephalometric variables were analyzed against age‐matched ethnic norms. Dental age (DA) was quantified using the modified Demirjian's four‐tooth method, calibrated via the Thai‐specific Duangto model. One‐sample and Welch's
t
‐tests compared DA with CA and skeletal parameters with normative data.
Results
SC patients demonstrated significant maxillary retrusion and midface hypoplasia, characterized by reduced SNA (73.63 ± 9.52°), ANB (−7.1 ± 10.51°), and maxillary depth (79.36 ± 11.2°) compared to normative data (
p
p
p
p
> 0.05; NSC = 1.23 ± 1.61 years,
p
> 0.05).
Conclusions
Children with SC present with severe multi‐planar skeletal discrepancies and secondary dental compensations, whereas NSC‐related dysmorphology is primarily confined to the cranial base. No statistically significant differences were detected between DA and CA in either group. Because dental development does not necessarily reflect the extent of craniofacial skeletal discrepancies, treatment timing must instead rely on comprehensive, patient‐specific structures and skeletal malocclusion.