Abstract
Atypical femoral fractures are a very rare complication after treatment with bisphosphonates. This case report describes the diagnostic criteria and some particularities of the surgical treatment. Atypical femoral fractures are typically stabilized with intramedullary nails but some pitfalls in surgical treatment, e.g. the choice of implant, have to be considered. Basically, these fractures can be treated using conventional intramedullary nails, which, however, must be used by being adapted depending on the morphology of the femur. The fact that atypical femoral fractures can occur under bisphosphonate treatment should in no way influence the indications for starting anti-osteoporotic treatment.