Abstract
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
This large observational cohort real-world study explored the effects of three forms of exercise (walking [WALK], aerobic excluding walking [AER] and anaerobic [ANAER]) on glucose levels and hypoglycaemia risk in type 1 diabetes.
Methods
Data were collected from 3248 users of mySugr Logbook and Apple Health (mean ± SD age 41.23±12.25 years; glucose management index of 7.05±1.09%; 41.5% were female) over a total of 428,058 exercise sessions. Acute and 24 h glycaemic effects were examined across exercise types. Post-exercise glycaemia data over 24 h were compared with sedentary glycaemic data. Time of exercise was used to assess the probability of nocturnal hypoglycaemia.
Results
Independent of type, exercise decreased glucose by −1.06±0.89 mmol/l. For the individual types of exercise, WALK decreased levels by −1.24±0.81 mmol/l, AER by −1.43±1.02 mmol/l and ANAER by −0.52±0.81 mmol/l (all
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Conclusions/interpretation
Aerobic activities decreased glucose more during exercise sessions than anaerobic exercise and yielded larger acute hypoglycaemia risk; anaerobic activities yielded the largest 24 h glycaemic improvements. More-intense exercise resulted in a larger nocturnal hypoglycaemia than walking; exercise timing was not a relevant contributor to nocturnal hypoglycaemia.
Graphical Abstract