Free flap transfer in cranio-maxillofacial surgery: a review of the current data

Background The advances of cranio-maxillofacilal surgery are considerably driven by the evolution of microsurgical techniques. At present, these methods continue to provide new therapeutic options to the field. Especially, free flap transfer has evolved to become an integral part of current treatment protocols for head and neck malignancies. It ensures uneventful wound healing even after previous radiotherapy and can often preserve form and function. For many patients, this may lead to a significant improvement in their quality of life.Objectives This review summarizes aspects of tumor therapy, the impact of radiation, and discusses different techniques of microvascular tissue transfer.Discussion Specific advantages in different anatomical sites of the head and neck region are highlighted in contrast to existing alternatives. Selected cases exemplify the use of popular transplants.Summary While planning reconstructions, it is important to consider both the functional and aesthetic aspects. The best individual outcome is based on a thoughtful match of available methods to a given defect and the patient's condition.