Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an important type of cancer due to its rapid spread, late diagnosis and limited treatment options. Anti-tumoral properties of vitexin, a natural flavonoid found in the green parts of plants, have taken their place in in-vitro cancer studies. In this study, the effect of vitexin on the potential of cytotoxic, apoptotic, migratory and metastatic states in CFPAC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cells was studied. MTT test was used to determine the proliferative effect and IC50 dose. Metastatic Zeb-1, apoptotic caspase-3, -8, and - 9 gene expression analysis was performed by Real Time PCR techniques to investigate anti-migratory/metastatic and apoptotic effects. A wound-healing experiment was performed to observe anti-migratory/metastatic effects. As a result of the MTT experiment, the proliferative effect was measured as IC50 concentration. The IC50 concentration of CFPAC-1 cells was found to be 312 µM. The IC50 concentration of MIAPaCa - 2 cells was approximately found to be 500 µM. As a result of apoptotic experiments, the high expression of caspase-3 and - 9 genes was observed in vitexin-treated MiaPaCa-2 cells. To result of the migration assay, a low rate of closure and complete closure were observed in CFPAC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cells, respectively. On the other hand, the decreased expression of the Zeb-1 gene was observed in CFPAC-1 cells.