Priority ranking for energy resources in Turkey and investment planning for renewable energy resources

Energy has been an essential factor in determining the governments’ policies. The countries had to produce their own energy to decrease dependency on external resources. That also provided to gain a great importance on investment on power plants. In this study, a multi-objective Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model synchronously optimizing five targets determined as decreasing carbon dioxide (CO $$_{2})$$ emission, increasing power consumption, increasing power plants, increasing energy generation and installed capacity was used. In described model, it was solved by considering renewable power plants in Turkey and fossil fuel-based power plants having most share in Turkey. By trying to minimize deviation values of Turkey’s 2023 targets, it aimed to determine which power plants need to be increased. To determine the priorities of these targets, Ranking Approach for fuzzy numbers by Liou and Wang (1992) was used. Besides, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to prioritize investment planning of renewable power plants in Turkey and five different kinds of power plants under the visual pollution criteria based on amount of CO $$_{2}$$ emission released, environmental damage, capital costs, space requirement and provided employment were evaluated.