Unlocking the potential of lupin as a sustainable aquafeed ingredient: a comprehensive review

Abstract The aquaculture sector is facing the challenge of developing sustainable and cost-effective alternatives to traditional fish feed components. Lupin, a versatile utilitarian legume, has garnered increasing interest due to its nutritional value, desirable effects on the environment, and economic feasibility. Lupin for its high protein content, balanced amino acid profile, ease of processing, its implications in livestock development and health, and potential means of reducing the industry ecological footprint has made it a potentially advantageous aquafeed ingredient. This review explores the promising nature of lupin in aquaculture, focusing on its nutritional value, digestibility, and impact on fish health and growth. The review also discusses at recent discoveries, challenges, and potential breakthroughs to provide insight into how lupin might advance the development of sustainable aquaculture techniques.