Unveiling the green dialogue: advancements in omics technologies for deciphering plant–microbe interactions in soil

Abstract The complex interactions that exist between soil bacteria and plants have a significant impact on agricultural sustainability. These relationships, which can be pathogenic or symbiotic, are essential to comprehending and improving the health and productivity of plants. It has not been possible to fully understand the intricacies of these relationships using traditional methodologies. But the development of multi-omics technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics—along with next-generation sequencing has completely changed our capacity to analyze and comprehend the dynamics between plants and microbes. With an emphasis on the use of various omics techniques, this brief overview investigates the complex mechanisms governing the interactions between microorganisms and plants. Researchers can create detailed interaction networks and identify regulatory pathways by combining multi-omics data. These revelations shed important light on the interactions, symbiosis, and disease that occur between microorganisms and plants. In the end, understanding these complex interactions has a great deal of potential to advance sustainable agricultural methods and guarantee global food security in the face of environmental difficulties.