Traditional health care systems and immunity boosting: exploring plant based indigenous knowledge systems amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak has highlighted the importance of utilizing traditional Ecological knowledge (TEK) to address the health risks linked to the pandemic. Mountain communities have traditionally relied on wild plant species and indigenous crops to enhance their immune system and maintain nutritional security. Recognizing the significance of indigenous knowledge systems this study was undertaken to explore plant-based traditional healthcare systems to revitalize immunity against COVID-19. A comprehensive survey and interviews of 195 local healers (Vaidyas) and residents were carried out using structured and semi-structured questionnaires following the convenience sampling method. The survey identified 40 plant species traditionally used for treating various ailments and augmenting immune functions. This study revealed a strong interest (over 80%) among the local population in plant-based remedies to enhance immunity for COVID-19. This study underscores the necessity of revitalizing and integrating diminishing traditional knowledge into mainstream healthcare practices, emphasizing the significance of region-specific approaches aligned with local resources and requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need for exploration and recognition of the value of traditional knowledge and indigenous foods, alongside rigorous clinical trials to ascertain their role in fortifying health resilience against COVID-19.