Abstract
Abstract Smart clothing, positioned at the intersection of textiles, wearable sensors, and artificial intelligence (AI), is revolutionizing personalized healthcare, fitness tracking, and environmental monitoring. By integrating electrochemical sensors and AI algorithms into wearable fabrics, smart clothing enables real-time, non-invasive data collection on critical health metrics, including glucose levels, hydration, and heart rate. This review explores the evolution of smart clothing technology, from early developments in conductive textiles to recent advancements in machine learning, which transform sensor data into actionable insights. Key applications span healthcare—enabling continuous monitoring and early intervention for chronic diseases—alongside fitness optimization and military safety, demonstrating the adaptability of smart garments in diverse contexts. Despite these innovations, challenges persist in areas like sensor durability, data security, and environmental sustainability, which are essential for broad adoption. This article discusses potential solutions, including self-healing materials, energy-harvesting textiles, and secure data protocols, which advance smart clothing towards greater functionality, sustainability, and user trust. Ultimately, smart clothing holds promise as a transformative tool for enhancing individual health and societal well-being, integrating seamlessly into daily life while driving progress across multiple industries.