Abstract
Lung cancer screening rates have been consistently low nationally, but there has been a growing number of interventions implemented to increase lung cancer screening uptake across diverse populations. The goal of this scoping review was to review the current scope and effectiveness of previous lung cancer screening interventions, while identifying gaps and opportunities for future research. Specifically, this review assessed the application of behavioral and social science theories and frameworks, intervention strategies implemented, levels of the socioecological targeted (i.e., individual, interpersonal, etc.), and the effectiveness of interventions to improve lung cancer screening-related outcomes. The study team searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed journal articles published in English between January 2013 and May 2025 that described a lung cancer screening intervention or program, included a comparison or control group, and a primary or secondary outcome related to lung cancer screening uptake. The search yielded 23 articles for data extraction. All interventions targeted individual-level outcomes (i.e., knowledge, self-efficacy, etc.), 74% included majority White study samples, 26% utilized a behavioral theory, and the most commonly applied intervention strategies were patient decision aids, educational videos, and tailored outreach strategies. The current lung cancer screening literature continues to grow, and future interventions should prioritize racial and ethnic minorities and further test implementation strategies to increase lung cancer screening uptake and reduce lung cancer screening inequities.