Abstract
The forthcoming Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) requires improved lifecycle data availability to support Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) and Corporate Carbon Footprint (CCF) calculations. Digital Product Passports (DPPs) are mandatory for structuring and sharing sustainability-relevant product information across value chains in selected domains, such as batteries. However, DPP integration in intralogistics remains underexplored, especially for Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs). At the same time, interoperability standards such as the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) and existing AGV/AMR data models predominantly address operational information and provide limited coverage of product-management and ecological data required by DPPs. This study draws on 15 semi-structured expert interviews across the intralogistics ecosystem (manufacturers, software providers, integrators, suppliers, associations, and operators) to investigate challenges and perceived benefits of integrating DPPs into AGV/AMR-based intralogistics systems. The findings identify three interrelated challenges: inconsistent standardisation across interfaces and semantics, heterogeneous IT security requirements, and fragmented lifecycle information bases, particularly in brownfield environments. DPP value is primarily associated with operational improvements and lifecycle-extension use cases, including maintenance planning, predictive services, retrofit decision support, fleet-level transparency, and data-enabled pay-per-use models. Building on these insights, we propose a conceptual framework that integrates DPP management on a data platform with AAS-aligned semantic linking across component, vehicle, and fleet levels to enable scalable, inter-organisational data sharing beyond compliance.