A semisubmersible offshore wind-to-hydrogen system: Effects of hydrogen storage tank size on dynamic stability

This study explores the integration of high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks into a floating offshore wind-hydrogen production system and assesses the impact of varying storage mass on the platform’s dynamic performance and structural integrity. Fully coupled dynamic simulations reveal that adding hydrogen production and storage capacity can elevate the platform’s center of gravity by up to 3.5 m and extend the natural periods of pitch and roll motions by approximately 13%. Under extreme turbulence conditions, platform pitch angles increase by 18–25%, while nacelle accelerations rise by up to 9%. Despite these changes, blade root bending moments remain within ±2% of the unmodified baseline design, and tower base bending moments show only a moderate increase of 6–8%. Fatigue damage equivalent loads for both blade root and tower base fluctuate within ±2%, indicating minimal impact on long-term structural fatigue. The results demonstrate that, with appropriate tank sizing and strategic placement, large-scale hydrogen storage can be feasibly integrated without compromising platform stability or structural integrity, thereby supporting the advancement of hybrid floating offshore wind-hydrogen energy platforms suitable for modular and scalable deployment.