A novel cucurbit[6]uril derivative-based integrated SPME–GC analysis system for efficiently determining the migration of multiple classes of plastic additives from food contact materials

The migration of harmful plastic additives with diverse polarities and boiling points from plastic food contact materials (FCMs) poses a risk to human health, necessitating simple and effective analytical methods. Herein, a π-conjugated truxene (Tr) was covalently bonded with cucurbit[6]uril (Q[6]) to afford a novel Q[6]-Tr compound, which was fabricated as both a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating and a gas chromatography (GC) stationary phase to establish an integrated SPME-GC system. The proposed method determined 9 plastic additives from 4 categories, showing good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9863) over 5-1000 μg/L, low detection limits (0.21-0.45 μg/L), enrichment factors of 13-42, and satisfactory recoveries (70.8-97.5%), with performance superior to commercial counterparts. Practical application quantified BHT migration from takeout containers (2.341 μg/L) and DIBP from containers and plastic bags (2.504 and 4.954 μg/L). This dual-functional Q[6]-Tr system offers an organic solvent-free, universally applicable approach for multiclass additive analysis in FCMs.