Socioeconomic importance, utilisation patterns and climate resilience potential of Mikoche (Hyphaene spp.) in Pangani District, Tanga, Tanzania

This study examines the potential of the Mikoche tree (Hyphaene spp.), an indigenous palm species found in Pangani District, Tanzania, as a critical natural resource that can contribute to both ecological and socio-economic resilience amid changing environmental conditions. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving household surveys, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and participatory rural appraisal techniques to assess the distribution, utilisation patterns, value addition opportunities, and challenges associated with Mikoche. Data were collected from Kimang’a and Madanga wards, where the species is commonly found. The findings indicate that local communities primarily use Mikoche for traditional construction materials, handicrafts, fencing and occasional consumption of its fruit. However, its potential for producing flour, cooking oil, and other value added products remains largely unexplored. The study further reveals significant differences in the utilisation and economic benefits derived from Mikoche between Kimang’a and Madanga wards, despite their similar ecological settings. Key barriers to wider utilisation include limited awareness of value-addition opportunities, inadequate processing technologies, poor market access, and a lack of supportive policies and institutional frameworks. The findings demonstrate that Mikoche has considerable potential to contribute to food security, income generation, and climate-change adaptation in coastal Tanzania. To realise this potential, targeted interventions are needed, including community capacity building, investment in processing infrastructure, market development, and policy support for sustainable resource management.