Abstract
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a promising technology for large-scale energy storage; however, conventional CAES systems have problems such as mechanical losses and complex compression processes. In this study, a liquid piston compressor-based compressed air energy storage (CAES) system is proposed. A thermodynamic model is established, and a MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for dynamic simulation to evaluate the performance characteristics of the proposed system. By analyzing the effects of key operating parameters, including storage pressure, storage tank volume, initial pressure, and pump power, the optimal parameter combination is determined. Under the optimal operating conditions, the results show that the proposed system achieves storage duration (charging time) of 0.2611 h, specific compression work of 263.92 kJ/kg, an energy density of 4.01 kWh/m3, and a compression efficiency of 89.97%.