Abstract
This study explores the torsional behavior of lightweight expanded clay concrete beams reinforced with basalt fibers (BF) using finite element analysis, highlighting the importance of reinforcement type in improving torsional performance, focusing on basalt rebars, steel rebars, chopped BF, and basalt mesh (BM). Beam models (B1 to B6) were analyzed using ANSYS Workbench to evaluate their torque-twist behavior, stress distribution, crack propagation, failure modes, stiffness, and energy absorption. Results showed that steel-reinforced beams exhibited the highest torsional strength, with Beam B6 achieving a peak torque of 9.5 kN·m, maximum stress of 16.25 MPa, and energy absorption of 0.0713 kN·m. However, basalt-reinforced beams, particularly those with BM (B5), demonstrated superior crack control, better ductility, and enhanced energy absorption. These beams managed stress distribution and exhibited finer, evenly distributed cracks compared to the concentrated cracking observed in steel-reinforced beams. The study concludes that while steel reinforcement excels in ultimate strength, BF improved ductility, crack resistance, and uniform stress management. BM reinforcement showed notable resistance to deformation, emphasizing BFs’ potential as a sustainable and effective alternative to traditional reinforcements. These findings advance eco-friendly, high-performance structural materials.