Abstract
Abstract
Background
Kidney function decline in heart failure (HF) may accelerate during periods surrounding HF-related events, while sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors slow kidney function decline. However, the temporal relationship between kidney function changes, HF-related events, and treatment effects has not been well characterized.
Aims
We aimed to explore kidney function trajectories around HF-related events and to assess whether empagliflozin modifies these changes.
Methods and results
In a pooled analysis of the EMPEROR-Reduced and EMPEROR-Preserved trials, we examined longitudinal changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and after HF-related events, defined as HF hospitalization or HF-related death. In the EMPEROR-Pooled analysis, HF-related events occurred in 12.7% of 9554 patients during a median follow-up of 20.9 months (14.7–28.6). Patients who experienced HF-related events had a steeper eGFR decline during the 12 months before the event than those without HF-related events: average −5.01 ml/min/1.73 m2/year vs −1.93 ml/min/1.73 m2/year; P .10). Findings were consistent across trials and irrespective of prior HF hospitalization.
Conclusion
Across the LVEF spectrum, kidney function decline accelerated before HF-related events and remained rapid thereafter. Empagliflozin attenuated eGFR decline without evidence of heterogeneity across periods.