Abstract
Purpose:
To describe the spectrum of optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), with a specific focus on the prevalence of pigment epithelium detachments (PEDs).
Methods:
Multicenter, retrospective, longitudinal study including patients diagnosed with APMPPE based on color fundus photography, OCT, and fluorescein angiography. Demographics, visual acuity, and the following OCT findings were assessed: outer retinal hyperreflectivity, serous retinal detachment (SRD), bacillary layer detachment (BALAD), and PED.
Results:
Forty-six eyes of 27 patients were included. The median age at presentation was 23 years (range: 18–36 years), and 17 patients (62.9%) were men. At baseline, outer retinal hyperreflectivity was found in all eyes, while BALAD, SRD, and PED were observed in 22 (47.8%), 14 (30.4%), and 26 eyes (56.5%), respectively. A univariate logistic regression showed a significant association between the presence of PED and a worse baseline visual acuity (odds ratio [OR]: 5.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–18.6;
P
= 0.01), the presence of BALAD (OR: 9.0; 95% CI: 2.3–35.6;
P
= 0.002), and the presence of SRD (OR: 7.3; 95% CI: 1.4–38.3;
P
= 0.02).
Conclusion:
PEDs were significantly associated with a poorer initial visual acuity, as well as with the presence of BALAD and SRD on presentation. These findings suggest that PEDs could be used as a biomarker of disease severity and choriocapillaris ischemia in APMPPE.