Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To compare objectively measured cardiometabolic health between people living with HIV (PLWH) and individuals without HIV using nationwide health checkup data linked to administrative claims, thereby partially mitigating surveillance bias associated with routine HIV care.
Methods
We conducted a cross‐sectional matched analysis using the JMDC database, which links administrative claims with annual health checkup data. Men with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and men without HIV who underwent health checkups between 2017 and 2023 were included. PLWH were exact‐matched 1:5 to individuals without HIV by age and calendar year. Cardiometabolic outcomes included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and BMI, defined using treatment information and objectively measured clinical parameters. Conditional logistic regression and matched‐set fixed‐effects linear regression were used.
Results
We included 2596 PLWH and 12 980 matched individuals without HIV (median age 45.0 years [IQR 37.0–51.0]). PLWH were more likely to receive treatment for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia, whereas measured systolic blood pressure, HbA1c and LDL‐C were comparable to or lower than those in individuals without HIV. HIV infection was not independently associated with hypertension (aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.82–1.09) or diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.00, 0.82–1.22) but was associated with dyslipidaemia (aOR 1.22, 1.08–1.39) and slightly higher BMI (adjusted mean difference 0.28 kg/m
2
, 0.02–0.55).
Conclusions
Among men receiving contemporary HIV care in Japan, HIV infection was associated with modest differences in BMI and dyslipidaemia but not with hypertension or diabetes mellitus.