Abstract
ABSTRACT
Purpose
To describe children's experiences of using extended reality (XR) distraction, namely virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), during needle‐related procedures.
Design and Methods
An exploratory, prospective convergent parallel mixed‐methods design was employed. Self‐reported measures and structured observations conducted in accordance with a predefined protocol were combined with semi‐structured interviews. Data were presented using descriptive statistics and synthesized through thematic analysis.
Results
Observations were conducted during 29 venipunctures in children using XR distraction. A majority of the children (90%) reported positive experiences with the use of XR distraction. Numerical Rating Scale pain scores (0–10) were low in both groups, with a mean of 1.26 (SD 1.16) for VR and 1.77 (SD 1.79) for AR. Most procedures (62%) were carried out as planned. No child declined the use of the device. Physical restraint was not observed; however, supportive holding was used in 10% of procedures. Four themes were identified through the interviews:
Emotional support and comfort
,
The artificial world becomes reality
,
A diversified experience
, and
Usability aspects influencing user experience
.
Conclusion
When appropriately implemented, XR distraction may reduce pain and anxiety among children during needle‐related procedures. However, it is not universally effective, underscoring the importance of a child‐centered approach that allows children to select their preferred distraction method. Further research is required to determine optimal implementation strategies, assess cost‐effectiveness, and clarify the role of XR distraction in delivering high‐quality pediatric care during needle‐related procedures.
Practice Implications
The demonstrated benefits of XR distraction during needle‐related procedures may encourage healthcare professionals to incorporate such tools into clinical practice. Nevertheless, the findings also emphasize the importance of adopting a child‐centered approach, recognizing that XR distraction is not suitable for all children.