Abstract
Two dogs were presented for chronic cough unresponsive to long‐term treatment. Thoracic radiograph revealed diffuse bronchial pattern. Bronchoscopy revealed moving worms in the airway lumen, further identified as adults of
Crenosoma vulpis.
Additionally bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis and Baermann faecal analysis revealed the presence of larvae with a morphology compatible with
C. vulpis
first‐stage larvae. In one dog, a first treatment with oral fenbendazole at 50 mg/kg during seven days failed to cure the infection then a single topical application of 10 per cent imidacloprid +2.5 per cent moxidectin at 0.1 ml/kg was given and was effective. The other dog was successfully treated with two administrations of milbemycin oxime at one‐month interval. This lungworm infection might be underdiagnosed and should be excluded before initiating a long‐term corticosteroid therapy. To the author's knowledge, this is the first time
C. vulpis
infection is reported in dogs in Belgium.