Abstract
Abstract
We constrain three holographic-inspired dark energy models, namely holographic dark energy (HDE), agegraphic dark energy (ADE), and Ricci dark energy (RDE), using late-time observations from cosmic chronometers, Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and redshift-space distortion (RSD) growth measurements. Five data combinations are considered:
$$H(z)+$$
H
(
z
)
+
Pantheon+,
$$H(z)+$$
H
(
z
)
+
DESI DR2+Pantheon+,
$$H(z)+$$
H
(
z
)
+
DESI DR2+DES-Dovekie,
$$H(z)+$$
H
(
z
)
+
DESI DR2+DESY5, and
$$H(z)+$$
H
(
z
)
+
DESI DR2+DES-Dovekie+RSD. We perform Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation and compare the models with AIC and BIC. In the BAO-included combinations, HDE gives
$$H_0\simeq 67.3$$
H
0
≃
67.3
–
$$68.0~\mathrm {~km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$$
68.0
km
s
-
1
Mpc
-
1
,
$$\Omega _{m0}\simeq 0.270$$
Ω
m
0
≃
0.270
–0.272, and
$$c\simeq 1$$
c
≃
1
, indicating an expansion history close to the de Sitter boundary rather than a robust phantom regime. ADE yields a stable agegraphic parameter
$$n\simeq 2.78$$
n
≃
2.78
–2.81, while RDE gives
$$\gamma \simeq 0.53$$
γ
≃
0.53
–0.55 and persistently favors a low matter density,
$$\Omega _{m0}\simeq 0.215$$
Ω
m
0
≃
0.215
–0.219. Treating
$$r_d$$
r
d
as a free parameter reveals a strong negative correlation between
$$H_0$$
H
0
and
$$r_d$$
r
d
, and the RSD-included combination provides a growth-level consistency check through
$$f\sigma _8(z)$$
f
σ
8
(
z
)
without constituting a full perturbative stability analysis. None of the three models significantly alleviates the Hubble tension. Overall, HDE shows the most balanced phenomenological behavior among the three models, although current late-time data do not decisively prefer it over
$$\Lambda \text {CDM}$$
Λ
CDM
.