Abstract
This research paper comprehensively examines photovoltaic batteries, essential elements of sustainable solar energy systems. This research includes a pre- cise mathematical model development to represent behavior and performance of these batteries, in order to better understand the storage and use of electri- cal energy generated by solar panels. In addition, a complete simulation was carried out to evaluate the performance of these models under various operating conditions, thus contributing to improve our understanding on various factors that influence batteries efficiency in real situations. In the field of battery man- agement, their performances were examined, such as charging and discharging mode as well as continuous monitoring of the battery status. The objective is to strengthen the use efficiency of solar energy and improve its sustainability, thus contributing to achieving the global sustainability goals and reducing harmful emissions associated with traditional energies.