Excessive carbohydrate consumption and body mass index: the risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome in Tamil Nadu population

Abstract Background Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is commonly associated with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is caused by excessive eating. Only very few studies have reported the relationship between excessive eating, weight gain, and T2DM associated with PWS. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between high carbohydrate intake, body mass index (BMI), and the associated risk factor of T2DM development in people with PWS. We collected data from 23 PWS patients along with obesity control (OC) in Tamil Nadu, India. All PWS patients had T2DM whereas only 7 of 23 OC subjects had T2DM. The physical and biochemical parameters were compared in both subjects. We estimated daily intake in grams of food and calories for each item consumed by both PWS and OC subjects (with and without T2DM). Additionally, we compared BMI values and macronutrients, to investigate the occurrence of T2DM in PWS. Results All statistical analyses were done using mean ± SD. PWS subjects showed BMI values that were extremely significant in both adolescent and adult (p value  300 g by PWS patients in Tamil Nadu with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 as a risk factor for T2DM. We highly recommend the optimal daily intake of white rice to prevent the development of T2DM in PWS.