Abstract
Respiratory physiotherapy is an important element in the prevention and treatment of postoperative respiratory complications, which frequently occur in patients after surgical procedures, particularly in the thoracic and abdominal areas. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of respiratory physiotherapy on reducing the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications and to determine the importance of early mobilization and patient education in the rehabilitation process. The study is based on a review of available scientific literature regarding the use of various respiratory physiotherapy methods in the postoperative period and their effectiveness in preventing pulmonary complications. The analysis of studies indicates that the use of respiratory techniques reduces the incidence of complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia, and the best therapeutic effects are achieved when breathing exercises are combined with early patient mobilization and appropriate preoperative education. The results of the review confirm that a comprehensive approach to respiratory physiotherapy increases its effectiveness in preventing postoperative complications. At the same time, the need for further research of high methodological quality is emphasized to standardize procedures and better determine the effectiveness of individual therapeutic methods.