Abstract
The relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) and hypertension remains a contentious topic, with a lack of large-scale studies focusing on the adults in the United States. This study aimed to investigate the association between RDW and hypertension among US adults from 1999 to 2018. Methods: Data were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018. RDW values were obtained from the Laboratory Data’s Complete Blood Count with 5-part Differential—Whole Blood module. Hypertension data were obtained through hypertension questionnaires and blood pressure measurements. Multivariable weighted logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between RDW and hypertension, followed by subgroup and smooth curve analyses. Results: Compared to the non-hypertensive group, the hypertensive group exhibited higher RDW values (13.33±1.38 vs. 12.95±1.27, P P P P-values for interaction >0.05).Smooth curve fitting analysis revealed a reverse J-shaped relationship between RDW and hypertension prevalence, with an inflection point at 12.93%. Conclusion: We first explored the relationship between RDW and hypertension among US adults and discovered a reverse J-shaped association, providing further insights into the relationship between blood cell counts and hypertension and offering a new foundation for hypertension prevention and control.