Abstract
The reduction in mangrove areas, which has caused significant erosion along the north coast of North Central Timor Regency, has implied the need for in-depth studies. This research, aimed to determine the spatial distribution of coastal vulnerability and its influencing factors using the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). The research found that 7.07 km (48.71%) of the coastline was classified as low vulnerability, while 6.66 km (51.28%) was categorized as moderate. Key factors influencing coastal vulnerability include geomorphology (87.18%), coastline changes (7.6%), beach slope (66.6%), and beach elevation (66.7%), based on observations across 39 cells. Meanwhile, tidal variables, wave height, and sea-level rise had minimal impact, with their associated vulnerability levels categorized as low. Future research should incorporate additional variables, such as socio-economic aspects and human activities to provide a more comprehensive assessment of coastal vulnerability. This would result in a more holistic assessment for decision-making for coastal area mitigation planning.