Abstract
Objectives. The development of school physical education requires effective means for improving motor skills, coordination, and speed-strength qualities. Judo is one such means, and the effectiveness of teaching its technical actions depends on the objective assessment of movement biomechanics. This study aimed to determine the biomechanical parameters of the O-goshi throw in highly trained schoolchildren, develop an original biomechanical model based on tensodynamometric indicators and correlation analysis, and identify the most informative characteristics of its movement structure.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 77 male high school students aged 15–16 years. The general group (n = 63) consisted of beginners in judo, while the model group (n = 14) included advanced athletes (Candidates for Master of Sports of Ukraine and medalists of Ukrainian championships). Biomechanical parameters of O-goshi were recorded using a force plate. Force (Fzmax, Fmax, Fmax/P, GRAD, I), time (Tps, Tmax, Tmax+To, Tsum), and spatial (Hmax) parameters were analyzed. The biomechanical model was developed from the model-group data using correlation analysis and normalization of the sums of absolute correlation coefficients. Each participant performed three trials, and the mean values were analyzed.
Results. The highest relative contribution to the biomechanical model was observed for force gradient (11.13%). High informational value was also found for maximum vertical reaction force (Fzmax, 10.37%), resultant maximum force (Fmax, 10.28%), and force impulse (10.17%). Strong correlations between force and force-time parameters indicated their close interaction during O-goshi execution.
Conclusions. The developed biomechanical model identified the most informative force, time, and force-time characteristics of O-goshi in highly trained schoolchildren. The findings may be used for biomechanical monitoring and comparative assessment of performance across different training levels.