Abstract
The strong fanaticism of Madurese society to issues of diversities on religious, beliefs, opinions to socio-religious affiliation makes it prone to any conflict like what occurred between Shiite-Sunni in Sampang. The minority group finds it hard to express their belief, such as building worship houses. This hegemony requires the right way to foster attitudes and understanding on values of tolerance and diversity. This article argues the importance of building public legal awareness through legal culture strengthening. The historical normative approach becomes the main foundation including the conception of tolerance in religious texts (the Qur'an and hadith), the Medina Charter, the conception of human rights in the Cairo Declaration, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and several other laws governing religious tolerance and human rights in Indonesia. It reveals the importance of legal culture strengthening because public legal awareness can’t only be built through legal substance and legal structure. Furthermore, legal culture strengthening also functions to maximize several existing legal products on the tolerance building. The strengthening program can be through massive socialization instruments in public spaces both in academic areas, such as universities and other social institutions.(Kuatnya fanatisme masyarakat Madura terhadap isu-isu perbedaan agama, keyakinan, pandangan, hingga afiliasi sosial keagamaan menyebabkan kerawanan munculnya konflik seperti konflik Syi’ah-Sunni di Sampang. Kelompok minoritas cenderung kesulitan mengekspresikan keyakinannya, seperti saat akan membangun tempat ibadah. Hegemoni semacam ini mengharuskan adanya cara yang tepat guna menumbuhkan sikap dan pemahaman tentang nilai-nilai toleransi dan keberagaman. Artikel ini memperlihatkan pentingnya membangun kesadaran hukum masyarakat melalui penguatan legal culture. Pendekatan normatif historis menjadi pijakan utama meliputi konsepsi toleransi dalam teks-teks keagamaan (al-Qur’an dan al-hadits), Piagam Madinah (Madinah Charter), konsepsi HAM dalam Deklarasi Kairo, Universal Declaration of Human Right (UDHR), Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 serta beberapa Undang-Undang lain tentang toleransi beragama dan HAM di Indonesia. Artikel ini mengungkapkan pentingnya penguatan legal culture di masyarakat sebab kesadaran hukum tidak bisa dibangun hanya dengan legal substance dan legal structure. Selain itu, penguatan legal culture juga berfungsi untuk memaksimalkan beberapa produk hukum yang ada terkait upaya membangun toleransi. Penguatan legal culture dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai instrument sosialiasi yang masif melalui ruang-ruang publik, baik di lingkup akademik, seperti perguruan tinggi maupun lembaga-lembanga sosial kemasyarakatan lainnya.)