Abstract
Scientific disinformation has become a major challenge for contemporary societies, affecting public trust in science, evidence-based decision-making, and the communication of scientific knowledge. (1) Methods: This study maps the academic research on science communication and disinformation, identifying its main publication trends, thematic areas, and methodological approaches. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection. The search identified 127 research articles published between 2003 and 2026, which were analyzed through bibliometric, thematic, and methodological coding. (2) Results: Results show a marked expansion of research since 2020, with 91.34% of the analyzed articles published between 2020 and 2026. The United States constitutes the main production node, while research is distributed across 52 journals. Thematic analysis shows a predominance of the media ecosystem and communication actors, followed by reception, trust, and cognitive processing. Public health, social platforms, and trust in scientific authority are among the most recurrent specific topics. Qualitative approaches predominate (51.2%), while content analysis and surveys are the most frequent research designs. Despite growing interest in prebunking, debunking, and media literacy, computational approaches remain marginal. (4) Conclusions: These findings reveal a rapidly consolidating but methodologically uneven field and identify priorities for future research, particularly computational methods, interdisciplinary collaboration, and intervention-oriented studies.