Abstract
The electrification of small-scale rural vehicles offers an opportunity to reduce dependence on conventional fuels while providing an efficient and accessible alternative for agricultural applications. This study presents the design and powertrain sizing of a cost-effective electric traction system for a small-scale rural utility vehicle intended for family farming applications. The methodology combines analytical calculations of vehicle speed, tire rotation, motor torque, traction force, acceleration, and power requirements under different operating conditions. A 15-hp electric motor operating at 1800 rpm was evaluated for vehicle speeds of up to 40 km/h and under maximum-load conditions on horizontal terrain and slopes of 20%, 30%, and 50%. The results indicate that the selected tire requires 354.4 rpm to achieve 40 km/h, while the estimated motor power required to overcome inertia under maximum load ranges from 1.34 hp on level terrain to 12.92 hp on a 50% slope. The results therefore support the selection of a 15-hp motor for the proposed application, providing a theoretical power margin for operation under demanding terrain conditions. The proposed approach provides a systematic basis for sizing the electric powertrain of small-scale rural vehicles and supports the development of accessible electrification solutions for family farming.