Abstract
Oriental orchids possess great potential in the consumer market because of their diverse leaf and flower patterns and enchanting fragrance. Nevertheless, their long growth period, stringent growth environment requirements, low germination rates, and limited transformation methods pose significant obstacles to genetic improvement. To improve the regeneration efficiency of oriental orchids and enhance their transformation efficiency, the solid–liquid oscillation–solid alternating cultivation mode was used to efficiently obtain stable transformants of
Cymbidium
orchids in this study. The results showed that within approximately 2 months, the regeneration rate of
C. goeringii
derived from protocorm-like bodies reached a remarkable 77.30% with this method. The transformation efficiency of
C. goeringii
achieved through polymerase chain reaction amplification was 18.66% when inoculated with
Agrobacterium
LBA4404, and the positive transformation rate reached 75.03%. This experimental result was further validated by β-glucuronidase staining and green fluorescent protein fluorescence detection. This methodology significantly increased the positive transformation rate and shortened the regeneration period of
C. goeringii
. Furthermore, this cultivation mode was successfully implemented for
C. faberi
and
C. ensifolium
. Therefore, the solid–liquid oscillation–solid alternating cultivation mode provides a technical basis for efficient transformation, which will promote the rapid development of genetically improved oriental orchids.