Abstract
Calcium molybdate (CaMoO₄) nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method using calcium nitrate and sodium molybdate at 150 °C for 10 h. Structural characterization confirmed the formation of phase-pure CaMoO₄ with a tetragonal scheelite structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) verified crystallinity and characteristic Mo–O and Ca–O vibrational modes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) revealed uniform nanoscale morphology and polycrystalline nature. The biological activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays. CaMoO₄ nanoparticles exhibited dose-dependent free-radical scavenging activity in DPPH and ABTS assays, along with significant inhibition of protein denaturation and stabilization of human red blood cell membranes. These results demonstrate the promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of CaMoO₄ nanoparticles, highlighting their suitability for therapeutic and biomedical applications.