Abstract
Society 5.0 promotes the integration of technology across various sectors, including healthcare. One notable example of technological application in healthcare is the implementation of telemedicine to expand access to medical services. This study aims to identify the opportunities and barriers of telemedicine as a foundation for policy-making in Indonesian hospitals. The research employs a systematic literature review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework, encompassing the stages of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion of studies. A comprehensive search was conducted using the EBSCO and ScienceDirect databases, complemented by hand searching through Google Scholar to identify relevant studies. The findings reveal that the opportunities of telemedicine include improving patient access to healthcare services, reducing exposure to infectious diseases, lowering healthcare costs from both patient and provider perspectives, saving patient service time, enhancing patient convenience, and enabling the integration of digital services with hospital medical records. Meanwhile, the barriers of telemedicine encompass limited access and infrastructure for its implementation, the quality and safety of services for patients, trust and data privacy concerns, sociodemographic factors, healthcare workers’ readiness to adopt new technologies, economic barriers in low- and middle-income countries, and regulatory frameworks set by the government. Based on these findings, the study recommends hospitals to strengthen telemedicine infrastructure, establish robust data security certifications, provide training for healthcare professionals, and develop standard operating procedures and service guidelines for telemedicine implementation.