Abstract
The objective of this study is to estimate the spatial autocorrelation
of the Unsatisfied Basic Needs (UBN) index in relation to poverty in Norte
de Santander and Santander during the years 2005 and 2018. The methodology
corresponds to a non-experimental design within a quantitative research
approach of a correlational and explanatory nature. The results indicate
that Norte de Santander presents a higher UBN index than Santander and the
national average of Colombia; compared to Santander, a greater number of
municipalities are located in the Poverty Trap, especially in the Catatumbo
region. In addition, it is worth noting that the capital of Norte de
Santander, Cúcuta, is not located in the Prosperity and Persistence
quadrant, but rather in the Resilience quadrant. Meanwhile, Santander
completely reduced the number of municipalities that were in the Poverty
Trap in 2005 and increased those located in the Prosperity and Persistence
quadrant. The study concludes that, of the two departments analyzed, only
Norte de Santander exhibits spatial autocorrelation of poverty. This is
evidenced by the identification of poverty clusters in the Catatumbo region,
leading to the recommendation that territorial entities focus their public
policies on overcoming basic needs related to housing, critical
overcrowding, public services, school absenteeism, and economic dependency.