Abstract
This study aims to determine (1) which approach the make a match learning model assisted by puzzle media or the problem-based learning model produces better critical thinking and problem-solving skills; (2) which results in better critical thinking and problem-solving skills among students with low, medium, or high self-efficacy; and (3) whether there is an interaction between the learning model and self-efficacy on students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills. This study employed a 2 x 3 factorial quasi-experimental design. The research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in SPSS. The study population consisted of 256 students at SMP N 4 Karanganyar. The sample was selected using cluster random sampling, with Class VIIIB (32 students) chosen as Experimental Class 1, receiving instruction using the make a match assisted by puzzle media, while Class VIIIF (32 students) was selected as Experimental Class 2, receiving instruction through problem-based learning. The research instruments included a problem-solving ability test, a critical thinking ability test, and a self-efficacy questionnaire. The validity of the test instruments, including content validity, difficulty level, discriminant validity, and reliability, was assessed. The questionnaires were tested for content validity, internal consistency, and reliability. The results of the study indicate that (1) the implementation of the make a match assisted by puzzle media on Pythagoras material resulted in better critical thinking and problem-solving skills compared to the problem-based learning model; (2) students with low, moderate, and high self-efficacy did not show significant differences in critical thinking skills, while students with high and moderate self-efficacy demonstrated better problem-solving skills than those with low self-efficacy; however, students with moderate and high self-efficacy did not differ in their problem-solving skills; and (3) there was no interaction between the learning model and self-efficacy regarding students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Keywords: problem-based learning, make a match assisted by puzzle media, self-efficacy, critical thinking skills, problem-solving skills.