Abstract
The paper includes a comprehensive review of the various aspects: agriculture, soil, water resources and socio-economic concerns associated with the aflaj facilities within the Sultanate of Oman. From available literature, the author identified and presented factors that affect the viability and sustainance of this traditional, existing and unique system of water resources management. The system weakness and strength at the advent of modern technology, life-style and wealth were also identified. Technical data on demography, geography, soil, water, irrigation, crop-pattern and activities of organizations related to aflaj systems were summerized and illustrated in figures and tables.