Abstract
Abstract
Study aim
Genetic predisposition influences athletic performance and susceptibility to sports injuries. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in
VEGFA
and
KDR
(
VEGFR2
) genes affect oxygen delivery, vascular adaptation, and tissue regeneration, potentially impacting endurance and injury risk. However, research on these effects remains limited. This systematic review examines the association of
VEGFA
and
KDR
SNPs with endurance performance and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury susceptibility in athletes.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases. Eligible studies were case-control designs involving athletes and examining
VEGFA
or
KDR
SNPs in relation to endurance performance or ACL injuries. Selection was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Seven studies met the criteria.
Results
The
VEGFA
rs2010963 polymorphism was linked to elite athlete status, with the C allele associated with higher VO
2
max and power output (Wmax). The
KDR
rs1870377 A allele was more frequent in endurance athletes. Regarding injuries, the rs2010963 CC genotype correlated with a higher risk of ACL rupture, while the
VEGFA
A–A–G haplotype (rs699947, rs1570360, rs2010963) showed a protective effect. A
VEGFA
rs35569394 polymorphism increased ACL injury risk in I allele carriers.
Conclusion
These findings suggest
VEGFA
and
KDR
polymorphisms may modulate aerobic performance and ACL injury risk. Further research is needed to validate these associations and improve genetic profiling in sports science.