Abstract
Introduction. Methods of investigation and knowledge in the area of allergopathy diagnosis are constantly improving. According to the consensus WAO-ARIA-GALEN, molecular diagnostics is a modern method, which implies determination of body sensitization to different isolated and purified recombinant and native proteins. Knowledge of a patient’s molecular profile enables to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and thus to determine etiological therapeutic measures and prophylactic recommendations for lifestyle and improvement of its quality.
The aim of our research was to analyze peculiarities of molecular profiles of patients with allergy – residents of Lviv city and region.
Materials and methods. An investigation group included 100 patients with allergy symptoms, 52.0% of women and 48.0% of men, aged 25.29.5 years, 39.0% of individuals were residents of Lviv and 51.0% – residents of rural areas in Lviv region. General clinical and instrumental investigations were performed. Specific allergological investigations were performed – skin prick tests to aeroallergens (Inmunotek, Spain), total serum IgE, extracts of allergens and specific IgE to allergen components, which were detected by means of colorimetric enzymatic assay (Macro Array Diagnostic) ALEX, Austria.
Results of investigations and their discussion. By the results of skin prick-tests, the highest (56.0%) sensitization level was to an extract of herb mixture, the lowest (20.0%) – to an extract of mould. Polysensitization was detected in 52.0% of patients, mono – in 6.0%, results of skin prick-test were negative in 5.0% of patients.
Results of molecular investigations: polysensitization – in 77.0% of individuals, monosensitization – in 11.0%, and in 12.0% – ALEX was negative. Peculiarities of monosensitization – it was most often (37.0%) detected to meat allergens and aeroallergens of herb pollen (27.0%); it was observed only in urban residents to fish and domestic animals. Hyper-IgE-syndrome was detected in 45.0% of individuals (from 138.2 IU/ml to 2315.7 IU/ml). Among groups of allergen sources, sensitization was the most common to herb pollen (49.0%), trees (43.0%), domestic animals (38.0%), house dust mites (37.0%), and the most common – to milk allergens (3.0%), cockroaches (2.0%) and other allergens (1.0%). Distribution of protein groups by the incidence of detection was the following: PR 10 (30.0%), NPC2 (28.0%), lipocalins (16.0%), polcalcins (15.0%) and profilins (14.0%).
Conclusions. Component investigation of sensitization profile of patients with allergy enables to suggest personal recommendations for patients’ lifestyle, administer etiotropic allergen immunotherapy with prognosis of its efficacy.