Abstract
Gallbladder (GB) diseases are associated with structural and functional cardiac abnormalities. Biliary autonomous viscero-visceral cardioneuropathy (BAVVCNP) and post-biliary autonomous cardioneuropathy (PBACNP) are characterized by rhythm and conduction disorders, ST-segment depression, and signs of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with various GB disorders. The aim of this study was to compare results of 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in patients with BAVVCNP, PBACNP, and normal GB. 138 outpatients with cardiovascular and extracardiac disorders underwent 24-hour ECG monitoring. They were divided into three groups: intact GB (n=54); BAVVCNP (n=72); PBACNP (n=12). PBACNP patients were characterized by the absence of ST segment depressions, PR interval shortenings, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, sympathoadrenal overdrive in the mornings, pacemaker migration, or sinus node dysfunction. BAVVCNP was characterized by the development of active ectopic foci in the myocardium, increased cardiac output, GB wall thickening, and elevated total bilirubin level. Patients with PBACNP differed from those without cardioneuropathy by faster nocturnal heart rate, absence of episodes of ST segment depression, shorter QRS duration, and lower blood monocyte count