Abstract
Objective: To assess the clinical course of generalized periodontitis in women of reproductive age based on the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Materials and Methods: A total of 1,456 women of reproductive age underwent gynecological and dental examinations. For the purpose of this study, two groups were formed: 82 women with GP and PCOS (Group 1) and 58 women with GP without PCOS (Group 2). Oral hygiene status and several periodontal indices were assessed in both groups.
Results: The study showed that GP was more prevalent in women with PCOS than in healthy women. Women with PCOS demonstrated a significantly more severe course of GP, which was evidenced by higher values in the simplified oral hygiene index Green-Vermillion (OHI-S) (2.20 (1.83; 2.78) points vs 2.0 (1.70; 2.50) points, p = 0.047), the periodontal index (PI) by Russel A.L., 1956 (2.20 (1.7; 3.0) points vs 2.10 (1.40; 2.58) points, p = 0.029), the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) (2.80 (2.20; 2.28) points vs 2.40 (2.00; 2.78) points, p < 0.0001), and the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI) by Muhlemann A.S. and Mazor A.S. (1958) (1.6 (1.4;1.8) points vs 1.3 (1.2;1.5) points, p = 0.0001). In addition, saliva viscosity was increased (p = 0.002), and the amount of saliva secreted was lower (p = 0.004).
Conclusions: In women of reproductive age with PCOS, the clinical course of GP was characterized by significantly more severe manifestations, which were confirmed by higher values in several periodontal indices and poorer saliva quality.