Abstract
Purpose.
This article is devoted to the study, classification and lexicographic description of loanwords. Special attention is paid to those lexemes in the first Slavic translations from Greek, which can be defined as “semi-calques”.
Results.
In the process of creating translations from Greek into Slavic, a significant number of calques and some semicalques were formed. But due to a number of reasons, including terminological uncertainty, and the lack of a generally accepted approach to the representation of such lexemes in dictionaries, semi-calques often remain out of the field of view of researchers. The article talks about the different understanding of the term “semi-calques”, substantiates the differentiation of the terms “semi-calque” and “hybrid”, notes the difficulties of lexicographic description of semicalques, including semi-calques expressed by phrases. A classification of calques is given. There are also examples of semi-calques not described by lexicographers from two of the oldest Slavic manuscripts – the Izbornik of 1073 and the Acts of the Apostles of Slepche.
Conclusion.
In general, it seems very important that the features of semantics and usage, as well as the very presence of such semi-dialects, be taken into account when compiling dictionaries. The inclusion of such phrases in dictionaries and the correct description of their meaning are undoubtedly possible only if the materials of Greek texts are involved in the work and when researchers use the method “from the Greek lexeme to the Old Slavonic”.