Abstract
Agroecological practices are significant for sustaining agriculture by improving soil health, fertility, and productivity; they include cover crops and crop rotation. Cover crops are planted to prevent soil erosionenrich the soil, preserve soil moisture, control weeds, and manage pests and diseases, as well as to increase soil microbial activity and nutrient cycling, particularly nitrogen. Green manure crops such as Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea, black gram, and chickpea enhance nutrient use efficiency and minimize reliance on inorganic fertilizers. Crop rotation complements cover cropping, which has been shown to work together by alternating crops from different botanical families to prevent nutrient depletion, enhance soil structure, and break pest and disease cycles. Taken together, such practices encourage biodiversity and resilient, productive, and ecologically sustainable farming systems.