Abstract
The field experiment was carried out in a personal farm in Abu Al-Jasim Village in the Al-Mussaib District (40 km north of Babylon) in the 2024-2025growing season. The research paper investigated the effects of organic fertilizers, bio fertilizers, and zeolite on the growth of two types of broccoli. The trial was organized using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Three factors were included. The former was a cultivar with two hybrids, Convet-F1 and Jassmine-F1, denoted h1 and h2. The second was organic- bio fertilization, which was done using four treatments, namely no fertilizer (no fungi and no bacteria), 10 t ha-1 + bacterial inoculation, 10 t ha -1 + fungal inoculation, and 20 t ha -1 + both fungi and bacteria. These were the treatments B0, B1, B2, and B3. The third variable was zeolite at four levels: 0, 8, 16, and 24 t , which were coded as Z0, Z1, Z2, and Z3. The least significant difference test was used to compare the means of the treatments at the 0.05 probability level. The outcomes revealed that the hybrid Jassamine-F1 performed better on all measured traits than Convet-F1. It had increased averages of leaf area (103.01 dm 2), number of leaves per plant (21.92), head diameter (16.20 cm), number of heads per plant (5.83), vitamin C contents (92.29 mg 100 g -1 fresh weight), percent protein (3.92), and sulforaphane concentration. The fertilization treatment B3 (20 t ha⁻¹ + fungi and bacteria) achieved the highest values for the same traits, reaching 106.63 dm² leaf area, 22.14 leaves plant⁻¹, 17.61 cm head diameter, 6.19 heads plant⁻¹, 93.56 mg 100 g⁻¹ vitamin C, 4.07% protein, and 127.84 mg kg⁻¹ sulforaphane. Zeolite also had a significant effect. The highest rate, 24 t ha⁻¹ (Z3), produced the best results, with values of 108.43 dm² leaf area, 22.14 leaves plant⁻¹, 17.32 cm head diameter, 6.18 heads plant⁻¹, 93.42 mg 100 g⁻¹ vitamin C, 4.17% protein, and 137.35 mg kg⁻¹ sulforaphane. The two-way interactions B3 × Jassmine-F1, Z3 × Jassmine-F1, and Z3 × B3 yielded the highest means among the combinations. The three-way interaction Z3 × B3 × Jasmine-F1 surpassed all other treatments and recorded the highest overall averages for all studied traits.