Dance Costumes as Expressions of Cultural Identity: A Study of Selected Cultural Dances

The intricate and lively costumes adorned by dancers frequently mirror the rich cultural legacy of Nigeria, showcasing traditional attire, fabrics, accessories, and body art that are distinct to each ethnic group. However, dance costumes are often affected by cultural shifts emanating from globalization, technology, and modernity, leading to some alterations in cultural representation. The objective of the research is to examine how dance costumes express cultural identity in Nigeria. Drawing upon Mary Collier and Milt Thomas’s cultural identity theory, the study examines two Nigerian dances. The selected dances are the Inyemobi dance of Onicha-Ugbo in Delta State and the Aja k’Idoma dance in Benue State. These case studies were purposively selected. The study utilizes the content analysis approach of the qualitative research methodology to engage cultural identity issues in the selected dances. Major findings reveal that the costumes serve as symbols of ethnic and national identities. However, many costume practices are endangered and on the brink of losing their indigenous identities as a result of changes orchestrated by varied influences. The study, therefore, recommends scholarly documentation as a sustainable means of cultural and ideological preservation.