Abstract
Access to safe drinking water is recognised worldwide as a fundamental human right and a primary determinant of public health; however, inequities persist among Indigenous (Amerindian) communities in Guyana. This review analyses the legal, institutional, and governance frameworks that shape water quality and access. Drawing on grey literature, policy documents, and limited peer-reviewed evidence, it evaluates key legislation and institutional actors. Despite high national coverage of “improved” water sources, disparities remain in hinterland regions due to weak enforcement, inadequate monitoring, and environmental stressors. A rights-based analysis identifies gaps in consultation, accountability, and recognition of Indigenous governance. Reviewed literature indicates that strengthening regulatory systems, infrastructure, data collection, and Indigenous participation is necessary to advance equitable public health outcomes.